Multipage study compares: 4GL/5GL, 3GL (Ada 95, C, C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, Java, Smalltalk), 2GL (Assembly). Divides language (definition) from traits of products that implement and support it. Several sections, tables, appendixes.
Table graphic, uses good-fair-poor metric, compares Java, Smalltalk, Tcl, Perl, Shells, C, C++.
Comprehensive, many references; zipped Postscript, inlined gifs.
Compares similarities, differences. By First Step Communications.
Compares VisualGen, Smalltalk, C++/Java, ANSI COBOL 85.
Each entry includes history, description, code examples, and references.
Over 200 languages described, mostly original commentary, many deep insights, over 1,000 links. [Open Content]
Article by Stephen F. Zeigler. Analysis of a case where most variables were controlled enough to make a comparison between development costs (time, error rates, code size, ...) of the 2 languages.
Table, text, links compare Tcl, Perl, Python, JavaScript, Visual Basic.
Compares Turing to Pascal, long text document, no tables or graphs; by Jacqueline L. Martin, 1996, many references.
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